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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ'S)
What is DNA ?
1. DNA is the short form scientific name for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Dna is the carrier of genetic information for all complex organisms. Dna is shaped like a twisted step - ladder. The double thread of the ladder consists of two phosphate - sugar strands bridged by many pairs of nucleotides. The genetic information is carried within this twisted rope ladder. Dna is composed of four basic building blocks known as nucleotide bases. The name of these building block chemicals are Adenine - Thymine - Guanine - Cytosine. No two individuals share the same DNA profile unless they are identical twins. This different sequence in DNA determines genetic individuality.
1. B) What is a human cell ?
1. Each human individual is made up of trillions of microscopic cells. These cells are too small to be seen with the human eye. Cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes. A human cell is similar to a balloon due to the fact that it carries complex chemicals such as proteins, chromosomes and mitochondria. A human cell also contains a specialized component. This is known as the nucleus. The nucleus is like a cell within a cell. More than 99.99 % of a cell's DNA is stored in the nucleus. The rest is in the mitochondria.
2. What is paternity testing ?
2. PATERNITY means " Fatherhood". A paternity test involves genetic testing procedures that are performed by a paternity testing laboratory to determine if an alleged father is the biological father of a child. Paternity is excluded if test procedures demonstrate that an alleged father is not the biological father.
3. What is DNA paternity testing ?
3. DNA paternity testing examines the genetic composition of a child which is inherited from its biological parents. DNA is located throughout the human body and in an identical form throughout the human body. A child inherits there DNA from both the biological mother and father. DNA can be found in the blood, cheek lining, bone, teeth, semen, saliva and muscle. During the paternity testing process, the genetic characteristics of the child are compared to those of its mother and the remaining genetic composition that is not found in the mother, has been inherited from the biological father. If the tested man ( alleged father) does not share the same genetic traits as the biological father of the child, he is excluded 100%. If the tested man ( alleged father) shares the same genetic composition, then the probability that this man is the true biological father is calculated and reported as a % of probability (usually 99.99%).
4. How accurate is DNA PATERNITY TESTING ?
4. DNA analysis is the most advanced and accurate testing method available for obtaining paternity testing results. DNA paternity testing can exclude an alleged father 100% from being the biological father of the child or determine 99.99% that the alleged father is the biological father. Our test results are 10 - 1000 times more accurate than what a court of law requires for proof of paternity.
5. Are paternity test results confidential ?
5. All paternity tests are strictly confidential and anonymous. We will only release results to the parties tested ( adults 18 years of age or older) and their authorized agents (attorneys, physicians etc...) Test results will be sent in discreet unmarked plain white envelopes to the address you designate.
6. How old does the child need to be for a paternity test ?
6. There is no age limit with DNA paternity testing. A child which is a couple of days old can be tested with a painless method using a buccal swab sample ( similar to a q - tip). No blood testing is required. DNA paternity testing can be performed on an unborn child between the 10th and 12th week of pregnancy. Newborn children can be tested by collecting blood from the umbilical cord on the day of birth. If the child is a minor, it is absolutely required that the legal guardian provide consent for the child to provide a sample and be tested. If the child is 18 years of age or older parental consent is not required.
7. Can I have a paternity test without having a blood sample ?
7. Yes you can have a painless DNA paternity test sample taken from the convenience of your own home. There is no needle or blood involved. You take a sample of your own DNA by scraping the inside of your mouth with a buccal swab. Its easy, convenient and painless. It is also very easy to obtain a sample from the child. Obtaining DNA samples of you and your loved ones will take only minutes.
8. Can I have a paternity test without the DNA sample of the mother ?
8. Yes we can perform DNA paternity testing by comparing the DNA profiles of the child and an alleged father when the mother is unavailable. However, our testing professionals recommend that the mother be included in the test. This type of test is called a "MOTHERLESS" test.
9. Can I have a paternity test without the DNA sample of the father ?
9. Yes this type of diagnostic test is called a " FATHERLESS" test. Our testing professionals perform this test by comparing the DNA profiles of the child, mother and a known relative of the alleged father. This type of testing is more complex and may require additional time to complete. We have extensive experience and courtroom experience with these type of cases.
10. Can I have a paternity test if the mother or alleged father is deceased ?
10. Yes this test is called a post mortem viability test and known DNA samples from the child are compared with DNA samples (such as bone, tissue) from a deceased individual. The mother's parents may also be tested in order to confirm maternity. If the alleged father is deceased, his parents can be tested to exclude them from grandparentage. Paternity can also be established from tissue specimens from previous surgeries or from specimens collected from toxicology studies or tissue samples from an autopsy. If the date of death is recent, please call immediately to discuss the circumstances to prevent the loss of easily obtainable samples. As a last resort, the body can be exhumed and a tissue sample removed. Please verify sample acceptability with our testing department. Due to the complexity of this test please contact our testing professionals for more information.
11. Can I use my paternity test in a court of law ?
11. Yes this type of test is called a Legal paternity test and follows a strict chain of custody. All testing is performed is an AABB ( American Association Of Blood Banks) and Department of Health and Human services accredited laboratory. Our test results are routinely used in courts throughout the United States and most countries. Our paternity results are 10 - 1000 times more accurate that what a court of law requires for proof of paternity. In order for the paternity test to be admissible in a court of law certain procedures must be performed.
A) You will attend a Sample collection facility near your
home within a 10 - 20 mile radius.
B) Photo I.D. required from parties involved in test
( example driver's license - birth certificate - social security card)
C) A picture is taken from all parties involved in testing
D) A thumb print is taken from all parties involved
E) Buccal swab samples or blood test sample taken
F) Paternity documentation signed and witnessed
G) Written reports are sent to the mother, alleged father,
or attorneys.
12. Where do I go to have my sample collected ?
12. If you do not require your paternity test to be legally admissible in a court of law, you can order a easy to use home paternity test kit and collect all samples in the comfort of your own home. For legal paternity tests, you will be scheduled by PATERNITY LABS at a collection facility or medical center in your area to have your sample collected.
13. What if one of the parties lives in some other city, state, province, or country ?
13. Paternity Labs has over 10,000 affiliate sample collection centers worldwide. We can coordinate a sample collection in any city, state in the United States Of America and Canada and in most foreign countries. Patients can submit specimens at many of our established paternity collection sites. Legal paternity test collection can be done at our affiliate medical centers, hospitals and registered clinics. Paternity Labs will coordinate the entire specimen collection procedure to make the testing process easy, convenient and timely for all the parties involved.
14. Do all the parties have to provide a DNA sample on the same day or , do they have to go to the same collection center to have their samples collected ?
14. No, the samples do not have to be collected all in the same day. Samples collected early are stored with your file I.D. number for as long as necessary until the last required sample is collected. However, we recommend collection of DNA samples as soon as possible to obtain your test results quickly and give you the answers you need. All testing parties involved can provide samples at different times and or different collection facilities. Each patient being tested can be scheduled at their own convenience.
15. Is the cheek buccal swab paternity test as accurate as a blood DNA paternity test ?
15. The buccal swab paternity test is just as accurate as a blood paternity test. All nucleated cells in the human body have the same DNA. The buccal swab collects epithelial cells off the cheeks inside mouth (buccal cavity). The buccal swab paternity test can be more convenient and more comfortable for the child.
16. Do I need a doctors note - court order or attorney's letter to have a paternity test ?
16. No, it is not required to obtain a note or prescription when having a paternity test. Most of our clients order and schedule paternity testing directly from their Paternity Labs parentage testing specialist. Many of our clients are attorneys and physicians. If you are obtaining a legal paternity test for a court proceeding and using an attorney's services you may deal with us direct or have your attorney contact us. If you want us to communicate with relatives, doctors or attorneys you must authorize us to do so.
17. Can paternity tests be done while I am pregnant ?
17. Yes, you have many options for paternity testing while you are pregnant. Pre-natal paternity testing is performed on specimens collected by trained medical personnel using a CVS procedure ( Chorionic Villi Sampling) between the 10th and 12th week of pregnancy in a medical center or hospital. It has been performed on over 100,000 pregnancies in the United States. A later alternative involves the Amniocentesis procedure. This procedure is usually performed between the 14th and 16th week of pregnancy. We will schedule your appointment for specimen collection at a medical facility near your home.
18. Can I test for paternity of my child the exact day it's born ?
18. Yes, a blood sample can be collected from the umbilical cord during delivery and used for diagnostic DNA paternity analysis. This procedure is very safe and painless for both the child and the mother.
19. Do I have any other options for a safe and painless way to find paternity of my unborn child ?
19. Yes ! we offer a revolutionary new method to determine paternity of your unborn child between the 14th and 22nd week of pregnancy. The procedure is called Non - Invasive Prenatal DNA Testing. This technology is based on fetal cell separation technology from the mother's blood. Fetal cells derive from the fetus. These fetal cells contain DNA composition and contain the genetic makeup of the developing fetus. This method is painless, risk free and a good viable option for any pregnant female.
20. Will my paternity test results remain confidential ?
20. Yes, your Paternity Test case remains completely confidential and your identity anonymous. You will be given a unique case I.D. number that identifies your test within our files. Information of any kind regarding your case will not be released to anyone other than the tested parties and any named representatives without your written order. All test results will be mailed in an unmarked envelope to only the addresses you specify.
21. The law in some states requires women to name their child's father when applying for public assistance, is this true ?
21. Yes, in order to qualify for public assistance many states and provinces require the women to name the child's father in their application when applying for social security and public assistance.
22. How long does it take to receive results of my paternity test ?
22. It generally takes about 5 - 10 business days to complete testing depending on the test involved. All test results are sent by premier courier services such as FED EX and UPS worldwide delivery services.
23. I need my test immediately... Do you have express service delivery ?
23. We offer express 1 business day and 3 business day delivery testing service. Please contact our customer care department for further information and pricing.
24. Can I store my DNA for the future ?
24. Yes, we offer many different DNA storage services. Some of the benefits of DNA banking storage is preserving your DNA for future generations, so they will be able to test for fatal inherited genetic diseases and get medical treatment. Other benefits can include preserving your DNA for future stem cell technology advancements and having DNA stored can become useful as scientist solve the Human Genome Project. DNA storage can also protect your estate and will against false claims when you are deceased.
25. Why would I need a paternity test ?
25. Paternity testing has many uses. Men and Women from all walks of life request paternity tests for peace of mind, curiosity purposes, adoption cases, child support, social and public assistance applications, immigration and estate - will - inheritance claims.
26. How do I make an appointment ?
26. You can order a test online via our secure SSL ( secure socket layer) encrypted website or you may contact us by calling 1- 800 - WHO - SDAD. A customer care services department representative will assist you in initiating the testing process and will set up your appointment immediately. At that time you will be asked to provide the names, addresses and telephone numbers ( if applicable) of the parties to be tested, age of the child and payment information. We will also mail your paternity test order form, sample collection instructions and your DNA test kit.
27. How will I receive my results ?
27. Paternity reports are mailed to all tested adults and their designated representatives. Reports can be sent via FAX or EMAIL if requested. The paternity report is a confidential document showing paternity results and a description of genetic data. The results are clear and simple to understand.
28. How do I pay for the test ?
28. Payment for the test can be made by cash, money order, certified check, personal check, cashiers check, Visa and Mastercard.
29. Do you offer any Flexible Payment Plans ?
29. Yes, a portion of the test is paid as a non - refundable deposit fee towards the test and will be deducted from the total balance. A minimum payment of $150 must be paid to receive the DNA test kit. The remaining balance may be paid in monthly installments for up to a period of 6 months. The initial price for the test will be guaranteed till the end of 6 months. Testing will not begin until the remaining balance has been paid in full.
FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL TOLL FREE AT 1 - 888 - 348 - LABS
